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Crop Protection :: Pests of Black and Green Gram
Spiny pod borer: Etiella zinckenella

Symptoms of damage 


  • The larva feeds on the growing tips, blossom and developing pods and in advanced stage webs 2 to 4 pods together. The damaged parts will drop down due to feeding.
  • Seeds are either partially or entirely eaten, and considerable granular frass and silk are present.
  • Externally the pods show small surface punctures.
  • One or two larvae in each pod.

Identification of the pest

  • Eggs: –  Egg laying preferably at the junction of the calyx and pod or on the pod surface or along the midrib of the leave.
  • 47 - 178 eggs singly (or) in groups
  • Egg period 4 – 21 days.

Larva:

  • Dirty greenish to reddish
  • Body length 15 – 22mm and larval period is 19-40 days.

Pupa:

  • It pupates 1 -5 cm below ground or in plant debris.

Moth:

  • Forewing is yellow- or brown-grayish and hindwings are light gray, with dark venation
  • Top of abdomen is with a tuft of golden-yellow hairs.
Economic threshold level - 10% pod damage

Management

  • Conserve natural enemies viz., Bracon etiellae, B. pectoralis, Phanerotoma planifrons
  • As in Gram pod borer


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